Understanding Spleen Removal Surgery: Indications, Procedure, Risks, and Recovery

What is Spleen Removal Surgery?

Spleen removal surgery, also called splenectomy, is a procedure where doctors take out the spleen. The spleen is an organ in the upper left side of your belly. It helps fight infections and filters blood. Sometimes, doctors need to remove it to protect your health. Although the spleen is helpful, you can live without it. Other parts of your body can take over its job. For this reason, spleen removal surgery is safe when done for the right reasons.

Why is Spleen Removal Surgery Needed?

Doctors may suggest spleen removal surgery for several reasons. Often, it is needed when the spleen is damaged or not working right. Here are some common causes:

Injury or trauma to the spleen, such as from an accident

Blood disorders, like sickle cell disease or thalassemia

Enlarged spleen (splenomegaly) causing pain or other problems

Infections that do not get better with medicine

Cancer, such as lymphoma or leukemia, affecting the spleen

Immune system problems, like idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP)

Sometimes, doctors may also remove the spleen to help diagnose certain diseases. In every case, your doctor will explain why spleen removal surgery is the best choice for you.

How is Spleen Removal Surgery Performed?

Spleen removal surgery can be done in two main ways. The choice depends on your health and the reason for surgery.

Laparoscopic splenectomy: Doctors make small cuts and use a camera to remove the spleen. This method usually means less pain and faster recovery.

Open splenectomy: Doctors make a larger cut in your belly to take out the spleen. This is needed if the spleen is very large or there is heavy bleeding.

Before surgery, you may need vaccines to protect against infections. During the procedure, you will get medicine to help you sleep and feel no pain. After surgery, you will stay in the hospital for a short time. Your doctor will watch you closely to make sure you recover well.

Risks and Complications

Like any surgery, spleen removal surgery has some risks. However, most people recover without major problems. Possible risks include:

Bleeding during or after surgery

Infection at the surgery site

Blood clots

Increased risk of certain infections after the spleen is removed

Doctors take steps to lower these risks. For example, you may get antibiotics or vaccines before and after surgery. If you notice fever, pain, or swelling after surgery, tell your doctor right away. Early care can prevent serious problems.

Recovery and Aftercare

After spleen removal surgery, recovery time depends on the type of procedure. With laparoscopic surgery, you may go home in a few days. Open surgery may require a longer stay. Here is what to expect during recovery:

Rest and avoid heavy lifting for a few weeks

Take all medicines as your doctor prescribes

Watch for signs of infection, like fever or redness

Attend all follow-up visits with your doctor

Because the spleen helps fight infections, you will need to be extra careful. Your doctor may suggest vaccines and regular check-ups. With proper care, most people return to normal life soon after surgery.

Prevention and Health Tips

After spleen removal, you can stay healthy by following some simple tips. These steps help lower your risk of infection and keep you feeling well:

Get all recommended vaccines, including yearly flu shots

Wash your hands often to avoid germs

See your doctor right away if you have a fever

Carry a medical alert card that says you do not have a spleen

Ask your doctor about antibiotics for travel or special situations

With these steps, you can lead a healthy and active life even without a spleen. Your doctor will guide you on the best ways to protect your health.

For personalised advice on spleen removal surgery, consult Dr. Satish Yeddula. He can answer your questions and help you make the best choices for your health.